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The engine timing in your 1997 Ford Ranger has a profound effect on the trucks overall ride quality. When the timing is off, the engine might shake, sputter and rattle, causing a decrease in power and comfort. This can also cause your engine to burn fuel inefficiently, leading to poor fuel economy and harmful pollution. To remedy the problem, reset the timing on your engine back to the correct factory specifications.

Instructions

1

Turn on the Ranger and let it run for 10 minutes, then turn it off.

2

Open the hood and locate the timing wires in the engine bay. These wires will be in a small, gray wiring harness located next to the distributor cap.

3

Pull the insert out of the harness to disconnect the engine timing.

4

Connect the black timing light cable to the Rangers negative battery terminal and the red timing light cable to the Rangers positive battery terminal.

5

Connect the third timing light cable to the spark plug one cable. In the Ranger this is the cable at the front of engine block, the furthest to the left (passengers side).

6

Turn the engine back on while pointing the light at the timing cover.

7

Loosen the bolt on the distributor cap using a socket wrench and a 13mm socket.

8

Turn the distributor cap slowly until the markings on the timing cover light up.

9

Tighten the bolt on the distributor cap, then turn off the engine and remove the timing light.

10

Reconnect the timing connector.

The timing belt is a part of the cars engine that controls valve timing. Setting the timing belt is an important aspect of automotive repair and maintenance. Proper synchronization of the engine valves and pistons is vital to proper operation. If the timing belt is set improperly it could lead to larger problems. In some cases, an improperly set timing belt can cause collision between the valve and pistons. This will lead to costly repairs, so it is important to set the timing belt correctly.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the battery by removing the cable from the negative battery terminal using the appropriate size wrench. Remove all accessory drive belts and brackets that impede access to the timing belt cover.

2

Place wheel chocks against one of the rear wheels to prevent movement, and put the car in park or neutral. This will allow free rotation of the crankshaft.

3

Use a socket and wrench to turn the crankshaft clockwise until the crankshaft pulley timing mark aligns with the zero degree or top dead center (TDC) mark on the timing cover.

4

Remove the timing belt cover by removing the perimeter bolts. With the crank pulley at TDC, check the camshaft timing mark alignment. The mark on the camshaft sprocket should align directly with the timing mark on the rear timing belt cover. If the camshaft timing marks are not aligned adjustment is necessary.

5

Loosen the tensioner bolt to allow movement of the tensioner pulley. The tensioner will look like a smaller pulley. Caully pry the tensioner pulley away from the belt and retighten the tensioner bolt. This will relieve the tension on the timing belt allowing it to be set.

6

Align the camshaft timing mark using the appropriate wrench. The timing belt should be loose enough to allow turning of the camshaft sprocket without moving the belt. Once aligned, re-seat the timing belt on the camshaft sprocket.

7

Loosen the tensioner bolt allowing the tensioner pulley to tighten the belt. The tensioner is spring loaded and should apply the proper tension needed. Tighten the tensioner bolt.

8

Check the alignment of the crankshaft and camshaft timing marks. If aligned properly, turn the crankshaft two complete revolutions, returning the crankshaft to the TDC position. Check all timing marks to make sure the timing belt is set properly.

9

Replace the timing belt cover, accessory belts and reconnect the cable to the negative battery terminal. Start the engine and check for proper throttle response and resting idle. If the belt is set properly the engine should run smoothly while idling.

A timing belt is an important component of your vehicle so replacing it in due time is a top priority. The primary use of a timing belt is to drive the engines camshaft. The engine crankshaft uses a drive sprocket via a timing belt to connect to the larger camshaft so it is necessary to always check if the timing belt is worn out and needed to be replaced. This is one component of your Hyundai Sonata that needs to be replaced entirely when damaged and not just repaired by keeping it together.

Instructions

1

Check the condition of your timing belt by removing the top dust or safety cover of your vehicle. You may need to unscrew a few bolts to gain access to the timing belt. Ensure that your engine is not running when performing this condition check.

2

Use a flashlight to inspect your timing belt for cracks, especially at the drive teeth base. Make sure you check it thoroughly for signs of wear and replace it as soon as possible.

3

Read your car repair manual thoroughly to understand and learn how to remove and replace the timing belt. If you are not confident replacing the timing belt yourself, take it to your auto mechanic shop without delay for immediate replacement.

4

Remove all obstructions from engine front and remove upper and lower timing belt covers to gain access. Then loosen or remove timing belt tensioner to release the timing belt.

5

Remove timing belt and clean all debris from area and utilize a timing belt diagram to time the connection between the crankshaft and the camshaft.

6

Replace timing belt with tensioner, as necessary. Re-install or re-assemble timing belt only if you determine that it is still in good working condition and replacement is not necessary.

Chevrolet introduced the Impala in 1958. This Impala was offered in three trims -- the entry-level LS, the mid-grade LT and the fully loaded LTZ. The LS and LT were equipped with a 3.5-liter engine, while the LTZ was fitted with a 3.9-liter engine. When searching for timing specs for a vehicle, it is important to search by the model, model year and trim rather than just the model. Timing specs change from year to year, and different trims of a model might come with different engines, as is the case with the 2010 Impala. Manufacturers began introducing computerized, distributor-less ignition systems in the 1980s and those systems are universal today. As a result, the timing is not adjustable on newer vehicles.

Firing Order

An engines firing order is the order in which the spark plugs fire to ignite a small explosion in the combustion chamber. In engines with a distributor, the firing order is determined by the order of the wires connecting the spark plugs to the distributor. In newer engines with Electronic Control Units (ECU), such as those found in the 2010 Impala, the ECU controls the firing order. The firing order for the 2010 Impala is 1-2-3-4-5-6, regardless of which V-6 engine it comes with. The firing order cannot be adjusted without replacing the ECU.

Top Dead Center

In ignition systems with distributors, the distributor can be adjusted so that all spark plugs fire when their corresponding piston is at Top Dead Center (TDC) or even slightly Before Top Dead Center (BTDC) to allow a few milliseconds for the fuel-oil mixture to ignite upon entering the pistons combustion chamber. The timing can be adjusted by turning the rotor and cap in the distributor by a few degrees. In newer cars, however, the timing is completely controlled by the ECU and the Ignition Control Unit (ICU). These are components of the on-board computer system and cannot be adjusted.

Timing Mark

On traditional combustion engines with distributors, the timing mark on the distributor pulley shows where to set the timing so that it corresponds to the manufacturers original setting. However, in vehicles with distributor-less ignitions, the mark is not adjustable. The 2010 Impala comes with a crankshaft position sensor that signals the computer system, which then adjusts the timing based on the vehicles rpm output.

The Jeep Liberty is a compact sport utility vehicle that Chrysler has manufactured under its Jeep marque since 2002. The Liberty CRD models were available for 2005 and 2006, and have a four-cylinder 2.8-liter turbo diesel engine that uses a common rail fuel injection system. The timing belt synchronizes the movement of the camshaft and crankshaft. The timing belt in a Jeep Liberty CRD requires replacement at regular intervals, usually at least 60,000 miles.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the cable on the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench, and remove the engine cover. Remove the cooling fan and clutch assembly. Detach the accessory drive belt and remove the vibration damper from the engine.

2

Turn the crankshaft clockwise to bring the witness line on the hub of the crankshaft to the 12 o-clock position. Turn the crankshaft clockwise by 90 degrees to move the witness line to the 3 o-clock position. Disconnect the alternator with a socket wrench.

3

Disconnect the intake and exhaust camshaft plugs from the cover of the camshaft with a socket wrench to expose the alignment pins. Remove the outer cover for the timing belt. Turn the timing belt tensioner clockwise with special tool VM 9660 to loosen the timing belt and detach the timing belt. Remove the alignment pins from the crankshaft and loosen the camshaft gears with special tool VM 1085.

4

Install the alignment pins for the camshaft temporarily while you install the timing belt. Turn the gear for the fuel injection pump clockwise to align the timing mark on the gear with the timing mark on the inner cover of the timing belt.

5

Install the new timing belt onto the crankshaft hub. Place the timing belt onto the fuel injection pump gear, left idler pulley, intake camshaft gear, exhaust camshaft gear, right idler pulley, and water pump gear in that order.

6

Turn the timing belt tensioner clockwise with special tool VM 9660 to align the center notch on the tensioner with the dowel pin on the aluminum cover. Tighten the retaining bolt for the timing belt tensioner to 20 ft. lbs. with a torque wrench.

7

Place special tool VM 1085 between the camshaft gears. Tighten the thumb screws to hold the camshaft gears in place, and tighten the bolts for the camshaft gears to 80 ft. lbs. Remove special tool VM 1085 and the alignment pins from the camshaft.

8

Turn the crankshaft clockwise by two complete turns to bring the witness mark on the crankshaft hub to the 3 o-clock position. Replace the outer cover for the timing belt with a socket wrench. Connect the camshaft plugs, vibration damper, alternator and cooling fan assembly. Attach the accessory drive belt and replace the engine cover. Connect the cable for the negative battery terminal.

Ignition timing is vital to optimum engine performance. Over-advanced ignition timing causes premature ignition. Premature ignition is also known as "ping" or "spark knock" and can damage internal engine components. Pistons may become pitted or fractured by premature ignition. Retarded timing will pollute the engine crankcase with wasted fuel and may over-heat the engine. Fuel economy suffers in either instance and engine longevity is diminished. Timing lights provide an accurate indication allowing precise adjustment.

Instructions

Timing Checks and Adjustments

1

Park the Jeep on level ground. Place it in park if it has an automatic transmission or neutral if it has a manual transmissions. Set the parking brake and block the wheels from movement with chocks or similar devices. Open the hood and attach the timing light leads, or wires according to the light manufacturers instructions. Consult the emission control information label for specifications. It is affixed to the firewall on the passenger side. Attempt no adjustment if none is recommended.

2

Highlight the timing mark on the crank pulley with white chalk. Locate and clean the numbered scale attached to the engine timing cover, just above the crank pulley. Make any disconnections specified on the emission control information label and start the engine. Allow the engine to reach operating temperature and normal idle speed.

3

Assure idle speed is in range of specifications before adjusting ignition timing. Aim the timing light at the scale above the crank pulley, taking care to avoid moving parts.The crank pulley mark will appear stationary due to the stroboscopic effect created by the timing light. Observe the pulleys mark position on the scale and compare it to the value specified on the emission control information label. No adjustment is necessary if the mark and specification match.

4

Make any needed adjustment by slightly loosening the distributor hold-down screw. Turn the distributor until the crank pulley mark aligns with the scales specified position. Use the timing light to observe position adjustment. Tighten the hold-down screw and turn off the engine. Restore any connections and remove the timing light. Test-drive the Jeep to evaluate any changes made.

The Toyota Sienna is a minivan with front-wheel drive. The 2006 model is a second-generation Sienna, which features a six-cylinder 3.3-liter engine with a double overhead camshaft. It uses a timing belt to ensure that the cylinders fire at the correct point in their cycle. The replacement of the timing belt is part of normal vehicle maintenance, as this part wears out periodically.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the cable from the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench. This prevents anyone from unintentionally starting the engine during the timing belt replacement.

2

Disconnect the windshield wiper arm assemblies with a socket wrench. Remove the cowl panel and its seal. Detach the windshield washer hose, and disconnect the cowl top louvers. Unplug the electrical connector for the windshield wiper motor and disconnect the cowl top panel.

3

Raise the vehicle with a jack and support it on jack stands. Disconnect the right front wheel with a lug wrench. Remove the bolts for the accessory drive belt and remove the drive belt. Detach the electrical connector for the alternator and loosen the mounting bolts for the alternator. Remove the alternator.

4

Disconnect the mounting bolts for the power steering pump and remove its drive belt. Detach the coolant reservoir hose. Disconnect the diagnostic link connector from the No. 2 right mounting bracket for the engine. Disconnect the engines right mounting stay, moving control rod and No. 2 right mounting bracket.

5

Remove the bolt for the crankshaft pulley with tools 09213-54015, 91651-60855 and 09330-00021. Pull the crankshaft pulley from the crankshaft with tools 09950-50011, 09952-5010, 09953-05010, 09953-05020 and 09954-05020.

6

Disconnect the lower cover for the timing belt with a socket wrench. Remove the guide for the timing belt from the crankshaft. Release the clamps on the the upper timing belt cover and disconnect the upper timing belt cover. Remove the right mounting brace for the engine. Install the bolt for the crankshaft pulley temporarily.

7

Turn the crankshaft clockwise to align the dimple on the crankshaft sprocket with the notch on the oil pump. Disconnect the tensioner for the timing belt and the timing belt.

8

Install the new timing belt on the crankshaft sprocket, water pump pulley, left camshaft sprocket, No. 2 idler pulley, right camshaft sprocket and No. 1 idler pulley in that order. Push the pushrod into the housing for the timing belt tensioner with vertical press 98,1-9807 to align the holes in the tensioner housing. Place a 1.27mm Allen wrench to hold the pushrod in place and release the vertical press.

9

Install the tensioner for the timing belt and tighten the mounting bolts to 20 ft. lbs. with a torque wrench. Remove the Allen wrench from the housing on the belt tensioner and turn the crankshaft clockwise two complete turns so that the timing marks align.

10

Remove the bolt for the crankshaft pulley with a socket wrench. Connect the right mounting bracket for the engine and tighten its bolts to 21 ft. lbs with a socket wrench. Install the upper cover for the timing belt and connect the guide for the timing belt so that its cup side faces down. Connect the lower cover for the timing belt.

11

Install the crankshaft pulley with tools 09213-54015, 91651-60855 and 09330-00021. Tighten the mounting bolts to 159 ft. lbs. with a torque wrench. Perform steps one through four in reverse order to install the additional components. Start the engine and check for oil leaks.

The Subaru Legacy is a mid-size family car in production since 1989. The third generation of this series includes models manufactured from 1998 to 2003. The base model of the 2001 Subaru Legacy is a sedan, and the GT trim level is a wagon. The standard engine for the 2001 Subaru Legacy GT is a four-cylinder 2.5-liter engine with a double overhead cam shaft. The timing belt in this vehicle typically requires replacement after 60,000 miles.

Instructions

1

Remove any components necessary to access the timing belt on your vehicle. Disconnect the mounting bolts for the timing belt guide with a socket wrench if your vehicle has manual transmission. Remove the timing belt guide from the engine block.

2

Remove the center bolt for the idler pulley of the timing belt with a socket wrench. Disconnect the idler pulley from the engine block, and detach the timing belt from its pulleys. Remove the mounting bolts for the tension adjuster of the timing belt, and detach the tension adjuster from the engine block.

3

Hold the tension adjuster with a vertical press and press the adjuster rod to align the hole in the rod with the hole in the cylinder housing for the tension adjuster. Place a 2mm Allen wrench through the holes to hold the adjuster in place.

4

Install the tension adjuster to the engine block with a socket wrench. Connect the belt idler pulleys to the engine block, and torque the mounting bolts to 28 ft. lbs. with a torque wrench.

5

Turn the crankshaft sprocket clockwise to align its timing mark with the timing mark on the oil pump cover. Rotate the camshafts clockwise to align their timing marks with the timing marks on the timing belt cover.

6

Install the left part of the timing belt onto the crankshaft sprocket, upper left idler pulley, left camshaft sprocket and lower left idler pulley in that order. Hold the lower left idler pulley in place. Continue installing the timing belt onto the lower right idler pulley, right camshaft sprocket and crankshaft sprocket in that order.

7

Align the timing marks for the crankshaft and camshafts if necessary. Pull the Allen wrench from the housing of the timing belt tension adjuster.

8

Install the timing belt guide and fasten its mounting bolts by hand if your vehicle has manual transmission. Adjust the timing belt guide so there is 0.019 to 0.059 in. clearance between the guide and the timing belt. Tighten the mounting bolts for the timing belt guide with a socket wrench.

9

Replace any components you removed in step one to access the timing belt.

You can maximize the power and fuel efficiency of your 1980 Chevrolet Corvette by adjusting the ignition timing to the proper setting. The ignition timing determines when a spark will ignite in the Corvettes internal combustion engine. The ignition timing for the 1980 Chevrolet Corvette should be set to 12 degrees for automatic and manual transmission models, but the ignition timing is set at a different idle speed for each transmission. The 12-degree ignition timing is used on the 5.7-liter V-8 engine. Be careful not to interfere with other moving parts on the engine when you set the ignition timing.

Instructions

How to Set the Ignition Timing on a 1980 Chevrolet Corvette

1

Insert the key into the ignition of your Corvette and start the engine. Turn off all accessories, including the radio and air conditioning/heat.

2

Shift the transmission into "Neutral" and set the emergency brake. Bring the engine to an idle speed of 700 rpm if your car has an automatic transmission or 800 rpm if your car has a manual transmission.

3

Open the hood and connect the timing light and/or tachometer to the Corvettes battery, the No. 1 spark plug and the main crank pulley.

4

Observe where the timing mark on the pulley falls -- the correct timing is 12 degrees.

5

Loosen the distributor lockdown bolt with your wrench. The lockdown bolt is located by the base of the distributor housing.

6

Disconnect the vacuum hose that is connected to the distributor housing. There are numerous hoses connected to and around your engine but you should only remove the hose connected to the distributor. This will allow you to set the ignition timing.

7

Rotate the distributor with your hand until the timing mark drifts to 12 degrees.

8

Tighten the distributor lockdown bolt with your wrench once you have set the timing to 12 BTDC. Reconnect the vacuum hose you removed earlier from the distributor housing. Remove the timing light and/or tachometer.

The Suzuki Cultus is a supermini manufactured by Suzuki since 1983. It is marketed under a variety of names, including the Geo Metro in the United States. The 1993 model belongs to the second-generation of this vehicle, and the United States version features a three-cylinder 1.0-liter engine with a single overhead camshaft. This engine design uses a timing belt to keep the camshaft synchronized with the crankshaft. You will need to replace the timing belt in a 1993 Geo Metro at 60,000 mile intervals.

Instructions

1

Remove the cable from the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench to ensure the engine doesnt start. Raise the vehicle with a jack and support it on jack stands. Disconnect the bolts for the crankshaft pulley and remove the crankshaft pulley.

2

Disconnect the cover for the timing belt with a socket wrench. Turn the crankshaft clockwise to align the timing marks on the camshaft and crankshaft gears. Disconnect the plate, spring and spring damper for the timing belt tensioner. Remove the timing belt tensioner and the timing belt.

3

Place the bolt for the timing belt tensioner plate into the hole on the timing belt tensioner. Install the timing belt tensioner, and connect the spring and spring damper. Tighten the bolt on the timing belt tensioner by hand.

4

Turn the crankshaft clockwise if necessary to realign the timing marks on the crankshaft and camshaft gears. Install the new timing belt onto the crankshaft and camshaft gears so that the arrow on the timing belt points in the clockwise direction.

5

Turn the crankshaft clockwise by two complete turns to remove the slack on the timing belt. Ensure that you align the timing marks on the crankshaft and camshaft gears. Tighten the stud on the timing belt tensioner to 8 foot-pounds with a torque wrench. Tighten the bolt on the timing belt tensioner to 20 foot-pounds.

6

Replace the timing belt cover and tighten its bolts to 8 foot-pounds with a torque wrench. Place the key way of the crankshaft pulley into the key on the timing belt pulley and install the crankshaft pulley. Tighten the bolts on the crankshaft pulley to 8 foot-pounds. Lower the vehicle and connect the cable for the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench.

Correct ignition timing specifications are crucial for engine performance. Timing affects many variables, including fuel economy and engine longevity. Corolla is one of the most popular compact cars, introduced in 1966 by Japanese automaker Toyota. Its engineers have determined precise timing specifications so that you can maximize benefits and use of your Corolla as much as possible.

Adjusting Timing

The base timing on the 1995 Toyota Corolla is preset when the company manufactures the engine, and no adjustment is possible. The powertrain control module (PCM) manages timing advance and retard, along with with ignition control (IC) and knock sensor (KS) systems.

Base Timing Specification

The best time at which the air-fuel mixture should be fully burned on the 1995 Corolla is 10 degrees before top dead center (BTDC) with the maximum allowable difference of +2 degrees both for the 1.6 liter and the 1.8 liter engine. The engine should run at about 700 RPM.

Notes

Allow the engine to warm up before measuring timing. Also, reaching maximum RPM is not allowed during the ignition timing check. Cooling fan and vacuum advance should be turned off while you are adjusting the ignition timing.

Ignition timing is when the distributor sends an electric spark into the engine to ignite the fuel. This fuel ignition is what powers the car. The sequence in which this happens is very finely balanced, or "tuned," to provide maximum power and economy. When he timing is not set properly the car may experience hard starting, low power or bad gas mileage. Setting the timing is normally an easy task, but sometimes the manufacturers timing marks are missing or damaged. Setting the timing without any marks is not difficult with the right information and a few common tools.

Instructions

1

Mark the spark plug wires for the cylinder number using a short piece of masking tape on each wire. Remove all the spark plugs using the spark plug wrench. The engine will be easier to turn by hand with the spark plugs removed and its a good time to replace them if required. Remove the valve cover from over the number one cylinder. On a V-block engine this is normally the valve cover on the drivers side. On in-line engines the number one cylinder is the one closest to the front of the car. Check your vehicles specifications to be sure which cylinder is number one.

2

Rotate the engine clockwise and observe the valves on the number one cylinder. When both valves are in the up position, insert a screwdriver into the number one cylinder through the spark plug hole. Rotate the engine very slowly back and forth until the screwdriver is at the maximum height. This indicates the number one cylinder is at Top Dead Center or "TDC" on the compression stroke.

3

Locate the number one spark plug wire on distributor cap and make a tic-mark of this position with a marker pen on the distributor housing. Remove the distributor cap and observe the position of the rotor.

4

Loosen the distributor hold down bolt and turn distributor until the rotor is lined up with the mark you made in Step 3. Your timing is now set to zero degrees of mechanical timing.

5

Replace the valve cover using a new gasket. Replace the spark plugs and spark plug wires using the marks from Step 1. You may want to mark the harmonic balancer with a zero point referenced to a fixed point on the engine. A fixed point could be a bolt head or accessory bracket that does not move when the engine is running. Later on this mark can be used as an indicator for stroboscopic timing.

6

Connect a vacuum gauge to a manifold vacuum source. Most engines will have a port at the base of the carburetor or throttle body where a gauge can be connected. Start the engine and observe the vacuum gauge reading.

7

Turn the distributor until the maximum vacuum gauge reading is noted. Back off one inch of vacuum from the maximum reading. Tighten the distributor hold down bolt. Normal readings average from 14 to 21 inches of vacuum depending on the condition of the engine.

8

Test drive the vehicle and listen for pinging noises. Repeat Steps 5 and 6 if excessive pinging is heard, or if there is a significant loss of power. The timing is correct when the vehicle operates at maximum power without the engine hard starting, backfiring, or pinging on acceleration.

The Kia Sportage is a compact sport utility vehicle that Kia Motors has manufactured since 1993. The 1993 to 2002 models are first generation Kias, which have a 4-cylinder 2.0-liter engine with a double overhead camshaft. This type of engine requires a timing belt to synchronize the movement between the camshaft and crankshaft. You will need to replace the timing belt at regular intervals, typically at least 60,000 miles.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the wiring harness for the fuel pump behind the rear seat. Start the engine, and allow the engine to stall. Turn the ignition off and connect the wiring harness. Remove the cable from the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench to ensure you dont start the vehicle during the timing belt replacement.

2

Remove the drive belt for the alternator. Disconnect the air duct from the radiator with a socket wrench and detach the upper radiator hose. Remove the attaching bolts for the clutch fan and its shroud. Remove the clutch fan and shroud as an assembly.

3

Disconnect the mounting bolts for the splash guard with a socket wrench and detach the splash guard. Loosen the lock bolts for the air conditioning drive belt to reduce the tension on the drive belt. Remove the bolts on the timing belt covers with a socket wrench and detach the covers.

4

Turn the timing gear clockwise until the timing mark on the left cam pulley aligns with the I mark on the seal plate, and the timing mark on the right cam pulley aligns with the E mark on the seal plate. Loosen the tensioner bolt with a socket wrench and pull the tensioner away from the timing belt. Tighten the tensioner bolt to reduce the pressure on the timing belt and disconnect the timing belt.

5

Place a driver through a hole in the camshaft pulley to prevent it from turning. Disconnect the attaching bolts for the pulley with a socket wrench and remove the pulley. Remove the locking bolt for the lower timing belt pulley and remove the pulley.

6

Install the camshaft pulleys and torque its mounting bolts to between 35 and 48 foot pounds. Connect the lower timing belt pulley and torque the locking bolt to 120 foot pounds. Align the left cam pulley with the I mark, and align the right cam pulley with the E mark. Install the timing belt onto its pulleys.

7

Loosen the bolt on the tensioner with a socket wrench to tighten the timing belt. Torque the bolt to between 27 and 38 foot pounds with a torque wrench. Install the timing belt covers and install the drive belts for the air conditioning and power steering. Install the splash guard and the alternator belt. Attach the upper radiator hose and install the clutch fan assembly. Install the air duct to the radiator.

8

Fill the cooling system to the correct level and attach the negative battery cable with a socket wrench. Start the engine and check for coolant leaks.

The Mitsubishi Lancer is a family car manufactured by Mitsubishi Motors since 1973. The 2003 model belongs to the eighth generation of this series, and includes the 2000 through 2007 model years. The engine in the 2003 Mitsubishi Lancer is a four-cylinder 2.0-liter engine with a single overhead camshaft. It has a timing belt to synchronize the camshaft with the crankshaft. The timing belt for this model will last about 60,000 miles before it needs replacing.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the cover under the left side of the engine with a socket wrench. Remove the cable from the negative battery terminal. Remove the mounting insulator for the engine.

2

Disconnect the pulley for the crankshaft with a socket wrench, and detach the electrical connector for the crankshaft position sensor. Disconnect the upper front cover for the timing belt.

3

Release the clamp for the oil line to the power steering pump, and disconnect the bracket for the oil line with a socket wrench. Disconnect the adjusting brace for the alternator, and remove the lower cover for the timing belt. Disconnect the bracket stay for the power steering pump. Remove the flange and support bracket for the engine.

4

Turn the crankshaft clockwise to align the timing marks for the crankshaft and camshaft. Remove the retaining bolt for the pulley of the timing belt tensioner with a socket wrench. Pry the tensioner pulley away from the timing belt with a suitable pry tool.

5

Tighten the pulley bolt for the tensioner to hold it in place temporarily. Remove the timing belt. Loosen the pulley bolt for the timing belt tensioner and remove the pulley. Install the pulley for the belt tensioner, and lever it as close to the engine mount as possible. Tighten the pulley bolt to temporarily hold the pulley in place.

6

Turn the crankshaft clockwise to align the crankshaft and camshaft timing marks as necessary. Install the new timing belt onto the crankshaft sprocket, water pump sprocket, camshaft sprocket and belt tensioner pulley in that order.

7

Loosen the bolt for the belt tensioner pulley by one-half turn with a socket wrench. This allows the tensioner spring to place tension on the timing belt. Turn the crankshaft two full turns clockwise to align the timing marks once again.

8

Ensure that the teeth on the camshaft and crankshaft sprockets engage the timing belt, and tighten the bolt on the belt tensioner pulley with a socket wrench. Install the remaining components by performing Steps One through Three in reverse order.

The Acura is a mid-size luxury sports car, manufactured since 1996. The engine for many late-model Acuras is Hondas J32A engine, which is a six-cylinder, 3.2-liter engine with a single overhead camshaft. The timing belt on this engine keeps the camshaft and crankshaft synchronized, and generally requires replacement every 60,000 miles. The primary consideration in installing the timing belt in an Acura is keeping the crankshaft and camshaft properly aligned during the procedure.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the negative battery cable with a socket wrench and remove the cover of the ignition coil. Raise the vehicle with a jack and support it on jack stands. Disconnect both front tires with a lug wrench. Remove the splash shield below the vehicle and detach the accessory drive belts.

2

Place a wooden plank on top of a floor jack and position the floor jack under the oil pan of the vehicle. Raise the floor jack slightly to take the engines weight off the side mount. Disconnect the bolts that attach the side mount to the engine and chassis with a socket wrench. Remove the side mount from the front of the engine.

3

Disconnect the mounting bolt for the dipstick tube with a socket wrench. Remove the dipstick from its O-ring mount. Remove the covers on the timing belt to expose the timing belt on the camshaft pulleys.

4

Turn the crankshaft clockwise to align the timing marks. The white mark on the crankshaft pulley must align with the timing mark on the cover of the timing belt cover. The timing marks on the camshaft pulleys must align with the timing marks on the rear upper cover of the timing belt.

5

Hold the crankshaft pulley in place with Holder Attachment Tool 07MAB-PY3010A. Disconnect the bolt on the crankshaft pulley with a socket wrench and pull the crankshaft pulley from the engine.

6

Remove one of the battery clamp bolts with a socket wrench. Screw the bolt into the hole at the base of the right cylinder head by hand to hold the timing belt adjuster in place. Remove the engine mount bracket and loosen the bolt for the idler pulley by five turns. Remove the timing belt and spark plugs.

7

Remove the bolt from the right cylinder head by hand and screw it into its original hole on the battery clamp with a socket wrench. Remove the timing belt tensioner and attach Stopper tool 14540-P8A-A01 to hold the auto-tensioner in place.

8

Repeat Step 4 to realign the timing marks on the crankshaft and camshaft, if necessary. Install the timing belt tensioner, and remove Stopper tool 14540-P8A-A01 to release the tensioner.

9

Install the new timing belt onto the crankshaft sprocket, idler pulley, left camshaft sprocket, water pump pulley, right camshaft sprocket and adjusting pulley in that order. Tighten the mounting bolt on the idler pulley bolt to 33 foot-pounds with a torque wrench. Connect the bolts that attach the engine mount to the engine. Tighten the No. 6 bolt to 104 inch-pounds and tighten the No. 10 bolts to 33 foot-pounds with a torque wrench.

10

Attach the timing belt covers with a socket wrench. Connect the crankshaft pulley and tighten its bolt by hand. Torque the crankshaft pulley bolt to 181 foot-pounds with a torque wrench and Holder Attachment tool 07MAB-PY3010A.

11

Rotate the crankshaft at least five complete clockwise turns to position the timing belt on the sprockets, and align the timing marks align once again. Perform Steps 1 through 3 in reverse order to install the remaining components. Adjust the tension on the drive belts.

Late timing in a BMW is no different than late timing in the combustion engine of any car. Late timing refers to the state of combustion in the engine and exhaust system.

What is Late Timing

Late timing refers to the timing of the spark to ignite the fuel within the cylinders. When the spark fires late, the exhaust temperatures tend to go too high as the exhaust valves open before combustion is complete. As the combustion was not complete, some additional combustion may occur in the exhaust system.

Potential Problems

The most obvious drawback is a lowering of engine efficiency and overall fuel efficiency, as the engine does not get the full benefit of the combustion cycle. The car is also apt to run more sluggishly. Also, since full combustion is not occurring, carbon may build up on the valves and possibly build up in the catalytic converter.

Potential Solutions

The make and model provide so many variables to consider as equipment has changed dramatically over the years. Adjustments to the distributor can be considered. Additionally, camshaft or crankshaft sensors may require adjustment. Newer cars have engine computers that typically self-correct per the information that the sensors feed them. If this is not occurring, most likely a faulty sensor is the cause.